Hollow fiber membranes have emerged/are gaining traction/present a novel as an essential component in numerous industrial processes. Their unique structure, characterized by a continuous fiber/tubular/walled configuration with a porous membrane layer, allows for/facilitates/enables efficient separation and filtration of diverse substances. This rev

Hollow fiber membranes have emerged as a versatile and effective technology for water treatment applications. These thin-walled fibers offer a large interfacial region for filtration, promoting the elimination of various contaminants from water streams. The unique structure of hollow fiber membranes allows for high flux rates and efficient transpor

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors offer a versatile platform for cellular processes. Their design consists of an array of hollow fibers, serving as microenvironments. Fine-tuning the structure and characteristics of these fibers is essential for achieving optimal bioreactor function. Key design considerations include fiber diameter, number density

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) system has emerged as a prominent solution for wastewater treatment due to its ability to achieve high removal efficiencies of organic matter, nutrients, and suspended solids. MBRs integrate a biological reactor with a membrane separation unit, effectively combining the advantages of conventional activated sludge systems w